features of Indian Constitution

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IMPORTANT FEATURES OF CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

The Longest constitution of the world

The constitution of India is the longest constitution of the world. It contains 465 articles in 22 parts, 12 schedules and 122 amendments with 146,384 words in English language version. The constitution is longest because it contains not only the rights of the government but also of the citizens of India which include fundamental rights, fundamental duties, and principles.

Rigidity and flexibility

The Indian constitution is rigidity as well as flexible. The Constitution is rigid because we can make amendment to the constitution of India. The constitution is also flexible because laws which are made in the Indian constitution can be changed after passing the laws.

Parliamentary system of government

  A parliamentary system of government means that the executive government has direct or indirect support of parliament. The Indian constitution follows the parliamentary system of government which means that the real executive power rests with the council of ministers and the President is only a nominal ruler.

Fundamental rights and fundamental duties

The constitution of India provides the fundamental rights and fundamental duties to the citizens of the India and these rights cannot be taken any law or any article. The people of India have a right of freedom, speech and equality. The constitution not only provides the rights to the citizens but they have to follow some of the duties like protect the integrity of India, laws amended by the government, protect the environment.

Secularism

The constitution of India provides secularism .Secularism in constitution means that equal right and treatment to all the religions by the state. Secularism means that every religion will be given equal rights. The constitution is based with relation with the human not with the religion. It does not establish one religion in the state.

Independent judiciary

The constitution provides an independent judiciary. The Independence judiciary ensures that there is no misuse of power by any section of the government. It ensures that all the rules and regulations are properly amended by the government. The judiciary keeps the control over all the rules, laws, bills passed by the government.

Single citizenship

The Indian constitution provides a single citizenship. As the Indian constitution is federal state there is a single citizenship. It means that all Indian citizens owe a relationship to the Indian union.

Emergency powers

Emergency provisions are contained in part 18 of the constitution. The President of India has the power to impose emergency rule in any or all Indian states if India is threatened by internal or external factors. It contain in article 352-360.Th emergency powers are granted for taking emergency decisions  given by the president for the welfare of country.

Special provisions for minorities

The constitution provides some special provisions for minorities such as Scheduled castes, Scheduled Tribes by granting them certain special rights and provisions. The constitution also has many other features such as, Panchayat Raj, Rule of Law, and Provisions for Independent Bodies. The special provisions are given to SC and ST in educational institutes and in government sector.

Independent and Integrated Judicial System

As per the Indian constitution, a single system of judiciary prevails in India. The Supreme Court is at the top, the High Courts at the state level and district and other subordinate courts are below. India has a single unified and integrated judicial system for whole country It has a power to control the working of entire judicial system.



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